Shōtōkan Katas are part of the ‘trilogy’ that makes up the worlds most popular Karate style. The three parts; Kata, Kihon and Kumite are all emphasised equally in the Shōtōkan style.
The five Heian Kata contain the essential Karate techniques learned in Kihon practice. Heian is the training ground for all the other Katas. Beyond the Heian Kata there are several others.
There are basically ten aspects that make a successful Kata.
Karate forms are done without any opponents so these elements apply to the person doing the Kata. The observer will sense most of the 10 elements rather than see them.
| # | Key Element | Japanese |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Preparation of the mind | Yoi No Kisin |
| 2 | Awareness of attack and defence | Inyo |
| 3 | Balancing of power | Chikara No Kyojaku |
| 4 | Correct speed | Waza No Kankyu |
| 5 | Expand and contract | Tai No Shinshuku |
| 6 | Breathing and posture control | Kokyu |
| 7 | Understanding the target | Tyakugan |
| 8 | Demonstration of Martial spirit | Kiai |
| 9 | Stance and movement | Keitai No Hoji |
| 10 | Remaining completely aware | Zanshin |
